A hammertoe develops when a toe bends at its middle joint instead of lying flat. The end points downward, giving the toe a hammer-like shape. It usually affects the second toe, but it can affect other toes. Early on, the toe can remain flexible enough to straighten. As the problem progresses, tight muscles and tendons can hold it in a stiff position. The raised joint can rub against the inside of a shoe, causing pain, redness, or swelling. Corns, calluses, and blisters can also form. These sore spots can make standing and walking uncomfortable.
Shoes that are short, narrow, or too tight can force a toe into a bent position. High heels also push the toes toward the front of the shoe. Risk can rise when a toe is longer than the others or when a bunion crowds nearby toes. Arthritis can also affect the joints and contribute to the problem. A podiatrist diagnoses hammertoe by examining the foot, checking the toe’s movement, and asking about pain. X-rays can show the position of the bones and the degree of joint damage. An accurate diagnosis also helps rule out other causes of forefoot pain.
Treatment depends on whether the toe is flexible or stiff and how much discomfort it causes. A podiatrist can recommend properly fitted shoes with a wide toe box and suitable support. Custom orthotics can improve foot balance and reduce pressure on the affected area. Professional padding or splinting can protect sore skin and guide a flexible toe into a better position. The podiatrist can also remove thick corns or calluses safely and monitor changes in the joint. When the deformity is severe, rigid, or painful despite these measures, surgery can straighten the toe and improve function. If you have foot pain caused by a hammertoe, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for effective relief and treatment solutions.
Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact one of our podiatrists of Metro Foot & Ankle. Our doctors will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.
Hammertoe
Hammertoe is a foot deformity that occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments that normally hold the toe straight. It can be caused by the type of shoes you wear, your foot structure, trauma, and certain disease processes.
Symptoms
- Painful and/or difficult toe movement
- Swelling
- Joint stiffness
- Calluses/Corns
- Physical deformity
Risk Factors
- Age – The risk of hammertoe increases with age
- Sex – Women are more likely to have hammertoe compared to men
- Toe Length – You are more likely to develop hammertoe if your second toe is longer than your big toe
- Certain Diseases – Arthritis and diabetes may make you more likely to develop hammertoe
Treatment
If you have hammertoe, you should change into a more comfortable shoe that provides enough room for your toes. Exercises such as picking up marbles may strengthen and stretch your toe muscles. Nevertheless, it is important to seek assistance from a podiatrist in order to determine the severity of your hammertoe and see which treatment option will work best for you.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Tempe, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.
